Vaccinology Principles Progress and Future Prospects

Lucy MacDonald^*

Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Canada

*Corresponding Author

Lucy MacDonald, Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Canada, E-mail: mac@lucy.ca

Abstract

Vaccinology, the science of vaccines and immunization, plays a crucial role in global public health by preventing infectious diseases and reducing morbidity and mortality rates. With roots tracing back to Edward Jenner’s smallpox vaccine in the 18th century, the field has evolved through significant milestones including live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, recombinant technology, and most recently, mRNA platforms. This article explores the foundations of vaccinology, from immunological principles and types of vaccines to the development process and emerging technologies. It also discusses challenges such as vaccine hesitancy, equitable distribution, and the rise of antimicrobial resistance. The future of vaccinology lies in personalized vaccines, pan-pathogen platforms, and global collaboration. Understanding this science is imperative as it continues to adapt to emerging pathogens and new scientific paradigms.