The Accelerating Threat: How Climate Change is driving the Global Spread and Emergence of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases

Alice Acker^1*, Kim Agria¹

¹Department of Public Health, St. John's University, USA

*Corresponding Author

Alice Acker, Department of Public Health, St. John's University, USA, E-mail: alic_ack@1.ui.edu

Abstract

This article reviews the growing body of evidence linking global climate change to the changing epidemiology of vector borne infectious diseases. Rising global temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events are creating favorable conditions for disease vectors, such as mosquitoes and ticks, to expand their geographic ranges and increase their reproductive rates. We synthesize data on the impact of these climatic shifts on key vector-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, and Lyme disease. We also discuss the socio-economic factors that exacerbate these trends, such as land-use changes and urbanization. The review highlights the urgent need for robust surveillance systems, interdisciplinary research, and proactive public health strategies to mitigate the escalating threat posed by these diseases in a warming world.