The Physiological Effects of Fetuin-A and Nesfatin-1 on Metabolic Parameters in Obese and Non-Obese subjects

Nasreen Kader Kamel

Kirkuk University, College of pharmacy, Kirkuk City-Iraq

*Corresponding Author Nasreen Kader Kame, Kirkuk University, College of pharmacy, Kirkuk City-Iraq, Email: nasreen@uokirkuk.edu.iq

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome is significantly influenced by obesity. Hormonal dysregulation involving hepatokines and adipokines characterizes it. The interactions of fetuin-A, nesfatin-1, leptin, and adiponectin with sex hormones in obese and non-obese subject was examined in this study.

Methods: A total of 140 adults (70 men and 70 women) were examined in this cross-sectional study. Fetuin-A, Nesfatin-1, leptin, adiponectin, lipid file, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH), inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α), HbA1c,(Homeostatic Model Assessemen for Insulin Reistance) HOMA-IR, testosterone, and estradiol status were all measured using blood samples. Group comparisons (obese men vs. obese women) were performed using t-tests, and associations were assessed using Pearson's correlation (p < 0.05).

Results: Obese men had an unfavorable metabolic profile compared to obese women with a statistically significant increase in blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-c, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, Fetuin-A and leptin. The men had significantly lower levels of Nesfatin-1 and adiponectin compared with obese women and the correlation analysis exposed the damaging axle that associated with leptin and Fetuin serum levels and owing to insulin resistance with pro-inflammatory (CRP, IL-6) when oxidative stress markers at high MDA with low GSH. The result shows the leptin with Nesfatin-1 advancing to document the protective axis that supported insulin sensitivity after favorable lipid levels after increases the antioxidant substances such as GSH. Hormone testosterone has highly positive correlation with the damaging axis (Fetuin-A: r = 0.71, p < 0.001)when indicating the potential role in the insulin resistance ,while estradiol hormone has a low positive correlation with the protective axis (Nesfatin- 1: r = 0.48, p = 0.004).Conclusion: The pathophysiology associated with obesity can be defined in both males and females, through the injurious Leptin with Fetuin-A axis, through the protective Adiponectin with Nesfatin-1 axis. So, the data that resulted with this investigation provide catalogs for sex hormones may be important for determination the metabolic risk factors that resulting from obesity through utilizing differing biomarker hubs. Therefore, the study investigates that assessing sex hormone concentrations and biomarkers related to obesity provides useful information for developing and implementing tailored therapeutic interventions to regulate these pathways and improve metabolic health overall.